The first animals deliberately sent into space were some American fruit Flies in1947.
First Primate
The first primate in Space was Albert II in 1949. Albert was a rhesus monkey. Unfortunately, his parachute failed and he died.
First Rodent
An American Mouse went into space in 1950. I think this was the first rodent in space.
In 1951, two Russian dogs went into space. Their names were Tsygan and Dezik. These early pioneers of space flight did not get into Earth orbit.
First Orbit
The first animal to make a complete orbit of the Earth was a Russian dog named Laika. Unfortunately Laika did not survive the flight.
Many animals died in the early days of space flight. The first monkeys to survive space flight were American. They were called Able and Baker. This was in 1959.
Two dogs went into orbit on the 19th of August 1960. They not only survived the ordeal, but one of them, Strelka, had puppies. One
of these was given as a present by the chairman of the council of
ministers of the Soviet Union, Nikita Khruchev to Caroline Kennedy. This dog’s descendents still exist.
Piloting Spacecraft
Although these animals went into space, they did not have to do much. It was not really known if it was possible to do normal things in space. This was important. A pilot needs to be able to pilot his craft.
First Higher Primate
To test this, the first Ape was sent up. On January the 31st 1961, Ham, a four and a half year old Chimpanzee, went up and successfully performed the tasks set. Ham survived his sub orbital flight and was congratulated with a handshake after landing. Chimpanzees do not live as long as humans, and when Ham died he was buried in Front of the New Mexico Museum of Space history.
First Rat
A French Rat went up on the 22nd of February 1961.
First Guinea Pig
Guinea Pigs are not famous for their space journeys, but
they beat Humans into space by 34 days. The first space travelling
Guinea Pig went into space on March the 9th 1961; the first
Human went into space on April the 12th 1961. Oddly, while
Major Yuri Gagarin received a well deserved promotion and was decorated
with the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for his achievement, there is
no record of similar honours for the first Guinea Pig in space.
First Human
On April the 12th 1961, the heroic cosmonaut, the then Major Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin made his historic orbit of the
Earth and was hailed as a hero on his safe return.
Animals continue to play an important role in our extraterrestrial investigations.
Felix the Cat
On October the 31st 1963, France launched a cat named Felix into space. Felix returned alive.
Deep Space`
Although
both Animals and Humans had survived close to The Earth; they were protected to some extent by our planet’s magnetic field. There was still the question of whether we could survive away from this protection.
First Tortoise
One of the first animals to go round the Moon was a Russian Horsfield’s Tortoise on September the 14th 1968. It was accompanied on its pioneering voyage by Meal Worms and Wine Flies.
First Fish
On April the 16th 1972, Skylab 3 had Killifish. It also had spiders, and the first spider web was built in space. This was an important observation because spiders normally make thier webs in our planet's gravity.
First Water-bears
In September 2007, the European Space
Agency sent up some Tardigrades. This is a tiny animal also called a
water-bear. These hardy animals survived the vacuum of space without
protection for ten days.
To test this, the first Ape was sent up. On January the 31st 1961, Ham, a four and a half year old Chimpanzee, went up and successfully performed the tasks set. Ham survived his sub orbital flight and was congratulated with a handshake after landing. Chimpanzees do not live as long as humans, and when Ham died he was buried in Front of the New Mexico Museum of Space history.
